EcologyEcology
We live on a very
beautiful planet – on the Earth. Our planet has very rich resources: the bright
blue of the sky, fresh, crystal-clear mountain lake water, the rich green of
the mountains slopes, wild flower, picturesque views – all these sceneries of
nature fill us with admiration.
That’s why those
who live in cities prefer spending their days off and their holidays far from
the noise of the city, to be closer to nature. Perhaps they like to breathe
fresh air or to swim in clear water because the ecology is not so poor as in
the cities.
Ecology is the
study of the ways in which organisms (plants and animals) depend upon each
other and upon their surroundings. Each organism requires conditions in order
to be able to live and breed. These conditions are its environment by changing
the ecological conditions.
So, pollution is
one of the most burning problems of nowadays. Now millions of chimneys, cars,
buses, trucks all over the world exhaust fumes and harmful substances into the
atmosphere. These poisoned substances pollute everything: air, land, water,
birds and animals people. So, it is usually hard to breathe in the large cities
where there are lots plants. Everything there is covered with soot and dirt.
All these affect harmfully.
Water pollution is
very serious, too. Ugly rivers of dirty water polluted with factory waste,
poisoned fish are all-round us. And polluted air and poisoned water lead to the
end of the civilization. So, nowadays a lot of dead lands and lifeless areas
have appeared. Because our actions and dealings can turn the land to a desert.
So, we see that our
environment offers an abundance of subject matter for discussion. The problems
and prospects of the blue planet interest not only scientist and futurologists,
but also politicians, industry, the public – and above all, young people! There
is hardly a young person who is not conserved with the preservation of our
natural habitat. To recognize environmental problems and master them, to reduce
and avoid environmental pollution, to discover and develop ecologically sound
technologies – there are the essential building blocks for our future.
Whether scientist
or politicians, bankers or student, whether Greek, Norwegian, Hungarian or Finn
… all are encouraged to make a contribution towards protecting the environment.
Dedication and the courage to change one’s way of thinking are called for.
We are to stop
pollution. So, we can grow plants and trees, to purify waste, to start urgent
campaigns in order to preserve environment For example, in 1989 in Australia,
Sydney. In a year the same kind of action was held all over Australia and it
was called "Clean up Australia” the following years 110 countries hold the
similar actions within the ecological program of the UNO.
Nowadays there are
many different pressure and interests groups in Britain, which try to find solutions
to the problems of pollution at the national and international level. So they
are groups of people with a common interest in trying to draw the public
attention to environment problems, to influence the government decisions.
Greenpeace is a
very famous pressure group. It started functioning in 1971. Its headquarters
are at Amsterdam, but it operates in 25 countries worldwide. The aim of
Greenpeace is to protect wildlife of toxic wastes, nuclear tests.
"Friends of the Earth” (FoE)
is one of the British pressure groups with an international reputation. Its
general aim is to conserve the planet’s resources and reduce pollution. FoE was
established in 1971 and now it operated in 44 countries worldwide. It campaigns
among other things, for recycling and renewable energy, and the destruction of
wildlife and habitat. The main campaigning issues of the FoE are: • The protection of all animals and plants in danger of extinction. • An end to the destruction of wildlife and habitats. • A program of energy conservation measures, etc. So, a number of campaigns resulted in: • The ban or other hunting in England and Wales • And indefinite delay in the construction of the Commercial East Breeder
Reactor, etc. But not only great groups can influence the problem of pollution. So, different
people have their own opinions on this problem: • The continued pollution of the earth, if unchecked, well eventually destroys
the fitness of this planet as a place for human life. (B. Commoner). • The Earth has enough for every man’s need, but not for man’s greed. (Ganlui).
And I agree with
them because it is really so. And terrible examples prove them.
The Baltic Sea is a
special case. Because it is such a small sea and it becomes dirty very easily.
Its waster changes slowly through the shallow straits. As many as 250 rivers
run into the Baltic. There are hundreds of factories in these rivers and
millions of people live along them. Quite a lot of big cities lie on its coast.
All these combined with the active navigation of the sea naturally affects the
state of the sea water and the shore line flora and fauna. People suffer from
the waster pollution; cancer deaths increase people’s concern.
And
there is no escape from this ecological crisis without organizing a single body
dealing with the environmental problems, developing and carrying out a
nationwide program of environmental protection and co-operating with
international schemes.
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